Means of controlling temperature of machinery



J. DAUGHERTY 2,524,043

MEANS OF CONTROLLING TEMPERATURE 0F MACHINERY Oct. 3, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 K Filed July '7, 1943 :E l .;nllll||l :l2-55E .Al/anserx www Oct. 3, 1950 J. DAUGHERTY 2,524,043

MEANS 0E coNTRoLLlNG TEMPERATURE oF MACHINERY Filed July '7, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JESSE m/GHERTY.

INVENTOR.

-Www' Patented Oct. 3, 1950 MEANS OF CONTROLLIN G TEMPERATURE OF MACHINERY .lesse Daugherty, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to The Cincinnati Planer Company, Cincinnati,v Ohio, a corporation of IOhio Application July 7, 1943, Serial No. 493,749

(c1. isi-s) 4 Claims.

My invention relates to means for controlling the temperature of machinery and particularly the ways in a planer or the like.

The table of a planer reciprocates back and `forth in ways which are usually lubricated by flowing oil'. However, due to the weight of the table and work piece a considerable amount of heat is developed by the friction of the ways.

The table of a modern planer consists of two plates tied together by suitable ribbing. The bottom plate carries the ways usually in the form of two parallel Vs. The top plate is accurately v nished with suitable T slots and stop holes for clamping the work piece. When the ways heat up, the table has the action of a bimetal strip in that as the ways and bottom plate expand and the top plate remains cooler,v the table curls up, unseating the ends of the table ways `from their bearing on the bed ways.

'I'his causes inaccurate planing and Vallows thel table to slide over particles of dirt and metal which :causes scoring of the ways. I

It is an object of my invention to provide a Vmeans of preventing the planer table from becoming suliiciently hot to result in the above mentioned characteristics and to control the temperature of the planer table within certain limits, and thus insure greater accuracyof the work done on the planer.

It is a further object of my invention to pro-vide a device which accomplishes the'above and which is simple to install inthe usual type of planer Y but which is extremely eflicient in its operation.

Figure 2 is a cross-section of Figure l taken on the section line 2-2 thereof.

Figure 3 isa cross-section of taken on the section line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective bottom view of the planer table.

Figure 5 is a cross-section ofthe thermostatically controlled valve shown in Vits opposite .positionfrom that shown in Figure 1. J

Figure 6 is a cross-section taken on the section line 6-6 of Figure 1.

typical planer with a portion of the table cut away to show the inl stallationof my device.

the brine tankl Briefly, in the practice of my invention I control the temperature of the machine by controlling the temperature of the oil which circulates through grooves in the ways. I control the temperature of the oil by artificially cooling a portion of the oil passageway prior to its entry in the machine. Thermostatically controlled arrangements are made to shunt out the cooled portion of the passageway when the temperature of the ways is such as not tol require cooling.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a planer table I,rresting in ways 2 of the bed 3. The ways 2 have a V-shaped cross-section and on the bottom of the table I' are V cross-sectioned ways 4, which t within the ways 2.

The ways I (Figure 4) are grooved as at 5 to permit easy flow of the oil to lubricate'the same and to insure even distribution of the oil overthe contacting surfaces of the ways.

The table I is reciprocated back and forth over the bed 3 by means of the gearing generally shown at E. The gear train isfdriven by motor l,-

meshes with the rack Illon the bottom of the table I..

Inthe bedl or support 3 is provided an oil sump II, in which'gears 6 lie. Normally an oil pump I2 is provided, which picks up oil from vthe sump I I through its inlet I2a and discharges it through various passageways 30 to the bearings of the shafts of the gears 6 as is customary in the trade and the oil outlets I3 in the ways.

I have provided a seco-nd and distinct outlet I4 from the pump I2 which is connected to a coil E5 in a tank I6 containing brine or other nonfreezing solution. is connected to the oil outlets I3 in the ways. e

Within the tank I6 I also provide a refrigerator evaporator coil I1, whichis connected up to a condenser and compressor, shown at I8, and

-which'is of the usual type. I provide a thermo# static switch I9, associated with the tank I6 for maintaining a given predetermined temperature within the tank I6. Y

From the above it is apparent that when the planer is started, after sitting a length of time,

the table and bed ways are approximately at" room temperature, and the pump I2' draws oil from the sump I'I,` pumping a portion to .the shaft bearings of the gear train Ii, and another portion of this oil is Adischarged from the pump I2 through the outlet I4, through the valve 20,

The outlet from the coil I5 and hence through the outlets I3 onto the grooves 5 in the table ways to lubricate the same. I preferably provide a thermostatically controlled valve 2B. The connection between the outlet I4 of the pump and the coil I5, as well as the connection from the outlet of the coil I5 to the oil outlet I3 in the ways, passes through this valve. The valve core is controlled by a solenoid 25, which, in turn, is energized by a thermostat, generally shown at 2 I. position shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, the oil is permitted to flow through the tank Iii, and hence be cooled before owing to the ways; The theremostat 2l is preferably set in a hole in the support 3 close to and responsive to the temperature changes of the ways 2, so that it is actuatedv nected to the passageway, `carrying the oil di- Thus,

rectly to the oil outlet I3 in the ways. when the valve 2G is in the position shown in Figure 5, the oil flowing to the ways is not refrigerated.

After runnin-g awhile, the friction of the table on the bed ways causes the ways to warm up, which, in turn, actuates the thermostat "2i, causing the solenoid 25 to shift the valve 2o to the position shown in Figure l. This directs the portion of the oil discharging through the outlet 54.1145

to flow through the pipe, and hence through -the coil I5 where its temperature is lowered and thence out through the oil outlet i3 onto Vthe ways. Inasmuch as the oil iiowing to the ways is cooled, the ways 'themselves are appreciably cooled.

Whilel have shown a solenoid directly actuated by me bimetauic thermostat, it is probably "preferable to handle the solenoid current by means of a mercury type switch or to place the bimetallic thermostat in a pilot circuit, and hence?V I do not intend to limit myself to they manner in which the theremostat actuates the valve 2E?,

During the operation of the planer. the oil ows from the ways 2 into the pans '2tat each When the valve is in the f lli end of the base and thence through the passage-*i3 ways 22 back into the oil sump II.

From the above it will be noted thatthe oil in the oil sump I I' is not refrigerated with the possibility of making it viscous and difficult to ilow.

It is also to be noted that the oil flowing to the' bearings of the gears is not refrigerated, and the only oil which is refrigerated is that which flows to the ways of the planer.

I, of course, do not intend to limit myself to the type of refrigerating device shown, since numerous other refrigerating devices will serve equally as well.- My means may, of course, be used with other kinds of machinery than a planer, and the particular advantage is that the only oil that is refrigerated is that' which flows to the portion of the machinery wliicl'i'v it is desired to cool.

It is to be understood that modicationmay `be made in my invention without departing-from the spirit thereof and that I-,do noti intend to limit myself other than is'pointed outl in the claims which follow. Y i

I claim:

l; jIn a planer or the like having gearing andY ways together with lubricating means including a single oil pump and means defining separate oil passageways to the gearing and ways, a temperature control mechanism for the ways alone comprising, in combination, a refrigerator including an evaporator, a portion of the means defining a separate passageway to the ways positioned in heat exchange contact with said evaporator, bypass means for by-passing lubricating oil around saidV portion of the passageway dening means, and a thermostat adjacent the ways and responsive of the temperature thereof for actuating said ley-pass means so that the temperature of the oil fed to said ways varies in response to changes in temperature of the latter.

2. In a planer or the like having gearing with bearings therefor and a reciprocable table slidable on ways having oil outlets for lubrication of the ways by flowing oil pumped from a sump, a temperature control mechanism for the ways comprising, in combination, an oil pump having an inlet in the oil sump and having first andY second outlets for circulating oil from'said sump, said first outlet being in communication with the gearing bearings, a brine tank having aY coil therein defining an oil passageway, one end ol the passageway defined by said coil being in communication with the second outlet of said pump and the other end thereof being in communication with the oil outlets in the ways so that voil passing from the pump to the `ways is artificially cooled, a single `by-pass valve, and a thermostat positioned adjacent the ways and responsive to the temperature thereof, said valve being interposed between the second outlet of said pump and the passageway donned by said coil and also between the latter and the oil outlet in the ways so that said valve in one operative position is adapted to permit oil to ilow through the Dassageway defined by said coil and in a second operative position cuts on the passageway defined by said coil and `ioins the pump outlet to the outlets in the ways permitting oil to ilow directly from the pump to the ways.

3. In a planer or the like having gearing and ways and means for lubricating the same including a single oil pump and means. defining separate oil feed passageways from the pump to the gearing and the ways, a temperature control mechanism for the ways alone comprising, in combination, aV tank containing a non-freezing medium, a refrigerator having an evaporator positioned `in said tank for cooling said medium, aportion of the means dening, a separate oil feed passageway from the pump to the waysbeing positioned to be surrounded by said medium, a thermostat adjacent the ways and responsive to the temperature thereof, and a by-pass valve adapted to be actuated by said thermostat and'to by-pass oil-around the said portion of the passageway dening means when the temperature of the ways has reached a predetermined low.

4. In a planer or the like havingP ways, means dening two oil'passageways, one leading toone portion of the machine and the other to the ways for lubricating the same, means for forcing oil through said passageways, means for controlling the temperature of the ways alone comprising, in combination,l a tank containing a non-freezing medium, the evaporator of a refrigerator posi- Y the ways and responsive` to the .temperature thereof, and valve means adapted for actuation by said thermostat for by-passing Ioil around the said portion of the passageway dening means leading to the ways when the temperature of the Ways has reached a predetermined low.

JESSE DAUGHERTY.

REFERENCES CITED Number The following references are of record in the l Number le of this patent:

6 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Day Mar. 23, 1920 Melown July 4, 1922 Cardullo Deo. 11, 1923 Ramsaur et al. Mar. 28, 1933 Pearce Dec. 1'?, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain May 1, 1939 

